Solanki Dynasty (942 to 1244 AD)
The Solanki dynasty is known as the 'Golden Age of Gujarat'. Their state religion was 'Shaivism'.
mulraj solanki ( 942 to 997)
Mulraj Solanki killed his maternal uncle Samantasinh in 942 and established the power of the Solanki dynasty.
→ During the time of Mulraj Solanki, the Bhilmal region north of Abu was called 'Gurjar Desh'. Over time, this kingdom expanded south of Abu, so the entire area gradually became Gurjar Desh or Gurjarratra or 'Gujarat'.
→ Information about the exploits of Mulraj Solanki is available from Hemchandracharya Dayashraya' and Meratanga's 'Prabhanda Chintamani'.
→ Gujarati language and script developed during Mulraj Solanki's reign.
→ Mulraj received the title of Maharajadhiraj) Mulraj started the work of Rudramahalaya on the banks of Saraswati river in Siddhpur in Patan (A.D. 997 1010) After Mulraj Solanki, his son Chamundaraj ruled for 13 years in which he defeated the ruler of Malwa, Vallabh Raj - Vallabh Raj. Durlabhraj and Nagaraj respectively. After Chamundaraj, shocked by the death of his son Vallabhraj, Chamundaraj abdicated the throne to his second son Durlabhraj and committed suicide on the banks of Narmada near Bharuch.
Bhimdev (I) (1022-1064)
After Durlabhraj, Nagaraj's son Bhimdev I became the ruler of the Solanki dynasty. Bhimdev I had two queens.
→ The first queen was Udayamati, who was the daughter of Chudasam king Ra'khengar of Sorath, and the second queen was Bakuladevi Chauladevi. - Bakuladevi had a son named Kshemraj and Udayamati had a son named Karnadev. Bhimdev I was skilled in archery, hence he was given the title 'Banavali Bhim'.
→ At the beginning of Bhimdev's reign, in 1026 AD, the Sultan of Afghanistan (Mahmud Ghaznavi) invaded Gujarat. Since Mahmud Ghaznavi's army was large, Bhimdev I took refuge in the Kanthkot fort in Kutch.
→ During this invasion, King Bhimdev I demolished the Modhera Sun Temple and the Somnath Temple built on the banks of the Pushpavati River. The Somnath Temple and the Modhera Sun Temple, which were destroyed by Bhimdev I in 1027, were rebuilt. The carvings of the Modhera Sun Temple are a fine example of Indo-Iranian style and the Tropic of Cancer passes through the middle of the temple. → Here in the year (Since 1992, the 'Uttarardha Nritya Mahotsav' associated with classical music is organized by the Gujarat government.)
→ The description of Ghaznavi's Somnath campaign is found in Al-Biruni's Arabic book 'Kitab-ul-Hind'. Al-Biruni has named Gujarat 'Gujarat' in his travel notes.
Bhimdev I's queen Udayamati built a seven-storey 'Jaya-type (Ranki Vav)' near Sahastralinga Lake in Patan. It was included in the World Heritage Sites in 2014. - The image of 'Ranki Vav' is engraved on the 100 rupee currency note issued by the Government of India.
→ Bhimdev I's Abu's Dandak Vimal Shah built Kumbhariyana Dera, Delwara's Dera, Arasurna Temple near Ambaji and built the marble temple of Adinath on Abu, which is known as 'Vimalvasahi'.
→ Vadnagar's Kirti Toran was built during the time of Bhimdev I.
Karnadeva I (1064 - 1094)
Karnadeva defeated the Ashaval kings who ruled in southern Gujarat up to Navsari Lat Pradesh and present-day Ahmedabad and founded the city of Ashapalli Karnavati. After conquering Lat Pradesh, Karnadeva assumed the titles of 'Trailokyamalla' and 'Param Maheshwar'.
→ The love story of Karnadeva and Meenaldevi is mentioned in the play 'Karnasundari' written by the Kashmiri poet Bilhanu. In it, 'Karnasundari' refers to Mayalla Meenaldevi, the daughter of King Jayakeshi of Chandrapur in Goa Kankan.
→ At the time of Karnadeva's death, Jaisingh was young, so his widowed wife Maynalladevi took over the rule of Patan and developed Patan, due to which Maynalladevi gained fame as the Rajmata Meenalladevi of Patan.
Siddharaj Jaisingh (1094 to 1143 AD)
The most powerful and famous king of all the kings of the Solanki dynasty was Siddharaj Jaisingh. He is credited with transforming Gujarat from a small state into a vast empire.
→ According to the Chintamani Granth, a treatise on Merutanga, Siddharaj Jaisingh was born in 1091 AD in Palanpur (Banaskantha). In 1094 AD, after the death of his father Karnadev, he assumed the throne of Patan at the age of just three and ruled for 19 years. Siddharaj Jaisingh was trained in the administration of the kingdom by ministers named 'Shant' and 'Shantu' and Munjal Mehta, and he learned martial arts and weaponry from Mata Meenaldevi. - During the time of Siddharaj Jaisingh, Acharya Hemchandracharya composed a grammar book called 'Siddhahemshabdanushasana'. Siddharaj took out a procession in Patan, placing this book on the trunk of an elephant named 'Shrikar'.
→ Siddharaj Jaisingh built a new reservoir in place of the rare lake built by Durlabhraj in Patan and built 1008 Shiva temples and 108 goddess temples on its banks, after which this lake came to be known as 'Sahastralinga Lake' and he built the Dashavatar temple of Lord Vishnu on the banks of this lake. Om Siddharaj Jaisingh completed the work started by Mulraj on the banks of the Saraswati river. The construction of Rudramahalaya was completed.
The king of Junagadh, Ra'khengar, broke the eastern gate of Patan and took away Ra'khengar, who was in a very romantic relationship with Siddharaj Jai Singh. Jai Singh went to Junagadh and defeated Ra'khengar in battle and taking Ra'khengar with him, Ra'khengar committed sati on the banks of the Bhogavo river near Wadhwan. The temple of Ra'khengdevi, built in her memory in Wadhwan, still exists. During the time of Siddharaj Jai Singh, works like Mahalaya Rudra Mahalaya, Mahayatra journey to Somnath, Maha Sarche Sahastralinga Lake, Mahasthan Donshala are seen.
→ Apart from this, structures like Vishnu Dashavatar Temple, Dabhoi Fort, Kapadvanj, Shihor, Viramgam, reservoirs in Dholka, Mahavir Chaitya have been built.
Rajmata Minaldevi got the Somnath pilgrimage tax waived by Siddharaj Jaisingh and lost an annual income of 72 lakh rupees. Hmm? Minaldevi is known as the beloved female ruler in Gujarat. During Minaldevi's time, a lake was to be built in Dholka, but due to a woman's house, the circular lake had a groove. Minaldevi lost the beauty of the lake, hence it is said, 'If you want to see justice, then see the Malav Lake.' 70
→ In addition, she got the Munsar Lake built in Viramgam.
→ During her time, the Patolas came to Patan and this art became popular. In AD 1143, Siddharaj Jaisingh died and Kumarpal ascended the throne.
Kumarapaj ( 1143 - 1173)
After the death of Siddharaja Jayasinha Minister Udayan, Kumarapaj assumed power in 1143 AD at the age of 50 with the help of his brother Krishnadev Kanhaddev and Hemchandracharya. He considered Hemchandracharya as his guru and despite being a Rajput, he adopted Jainism. Dr. According to Hariprasad Shastri, "Kumarpala has the same place as Emperor Ashoka in the propagation of Buddhism in India, and Ashoka of Gujarat in the propagation of Jainism Kumarpala renovated the Somnath temple and the garden of Ruthi Rani of Idar. He built the Parshvanath temple in Prabhas Patan and the Ajitnath temple in Taranga. - In the state, if a widow did not have a son, the practice of confiscating her property was prevalent, which was called 'Rudati-vitta' weeping of a woman's property or Aparthika Dhan. Kumarpala stopped this practice. Kumarpala banned meat, alcohol and animal sacrifice in the state. During Kumarpala's reign, the art of making Patola flourished.
Ajaypal (1173 - 1176)
After the death of Kumarpal, his younger brother Bhahipal's son Ajaypal ascended the throne. Ajaypal had two wives, Naikidevi and Kapurdevi, and had two sons, Mulraj and Bhimdev. Mulraj's mother's name was Naikidevi.
Mulraj II (1176 - 1178)
After the death of Ajaypal, his son Mulraj II ascended the throne at a young age. Due to his young age, his mother Naikidevi took over the reign. He was known as Bal Mulraj.
→ During the reign of Mulraj II, in 1178 AD, when Muhammad Ghori invaded Gujarat, Mulraj's mother Naikidevi defeated Muhammad Ghori's army near Abu. This battle is also known as the Battle of Kayadara, Saraighati Battle or the Battle of Abu.
Bhimdev II (1178 - 1242)
After the death of Mulraj II, his younger brother Bhimdev II Bholobhim ascended the throne and ruled Gujarat for a maximum of 64 years. Dance
→ In 1197 AD, Qutbuddin Aibak, the governor of Muhammad Ghori, invaded Gujarat, but Bhimdev defeated Qutbuddin Aibak with the help of Abu's king Dharavarsha and his brother Prahladeva and Rana Lavanprasad, the Vaghela of Dholka. This invasion was thwarted Vastupal and Tejpal made a big contribution.
→ Bhimdev II invaded Ajmer, in which Prithviraj Chauhan's father Someshwar died. When Prithviraj came to know about this, he invaded Gujarat.
Tribhuvanpal (1242 - 1244)
Tribhuvanpal was the son of Bhimdev II and the last ruler of the Solanki dynasty and was himself a sonless king. He ruled for only two years. Vir Dhaval, son of Lavanaprasad, king of Dholka, and Visaldev, son of Vir Dhaval, dethroned Tribhuvanpal and became the king, and the Vaghela dynasty began.
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